The relationship between the U.S. and Israel is poised for critical change with political momentum building to oust long-time Israeli leader Benjamin Netanyahu
Benjamin (Bibi) NetanyahuMORE.
Israel's next prime minister will undoubtedly factor into President Biden
Joe BidenBill that would mandate Asian-American history lessons in Illinois schools heads to governor's desk Five things to know about the new spotlight on UFOs Biden shows little desire to reverse Trump's Cuba policies MORE's Middle East agenda and influence a bilateral relationship between Washington and Jerusalem that has come under criticism from progressive lawmakers in Congress.
Netanyahu is under immense pressure by a coalition of Israeli political parties who are aiming to break his 12-year grip on power.
His ousting could come as soon as Wednesday, the deadline for Netanyahu’s opponents to announce a 61-member majority-coalition in the 120 seat Israeli Knesset, or parliament.
Anything can happen in Israel’s chaotic governing system — which has held four elections in two years – and Netanyahu has shown no signs of backing down from the fight.
But the announcement Sunday by Israel’s hardline-conservative politician Naftali Bennet that he is prepared to join a rotational premiership and coalition government with Yair Lapid, the leader of the center-left Yesh Atid party, is stacking the deck against Netanyahu.
The deal being worked out between Bennet and Lapid will require a delicate balance of support among a wide faction of Israeli political parties to vote in favor of their coalition in the Knesset in a week's time.
Biden’s own Middle East agenda — from rejoining the 2015 nuclear deal with Iran to helping maintain a ceasefire in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict — is unlikely to face great challenges from a fragile-governing coalition of Bennet and Lapid.
A change in Israeli leadership could also provide a fresh start for the U.S. and Israel relationship.
Bennet and Lapid, while political polar opposites, are likely to be less confrontational with the U.S. than Netanyahu, whose 2015 address to Congress opposing then-President Obama’s negotiations with Iran for what eventually became the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) marked a fracturing of support for Israel on Capitol Hill.
Biden and his team appear to be weeks away from rejoining the JCPOA, despite ongoing Israeli opposition. He may encounter a softer tone from Bennet and Lapid.
“I think those coalition partners understand that it’s better to work with the Americans on assurances, monitoring, and trying to improve some of the things in the JCPOA,” said Shira Efron, policy adviser for Israel Policy Forum and the RAND Corporation’s special adviser on Israel.
“I don’t see any new leader in Israel — neither Bennet, definitely not Lapid — no one’s trying to pick a fight with the U.S.,” Efron added.
Lapid, in particular, has focused on building support among Democrats that was chilled from Netanyahu’s antagonistic approach.
“Lapid has spent the last several years conducting outreach to Democrats on the Hill in an attempt to help shape opinions about Israel so that Democrats don’t view Israel as [Netanyahu],” said Johnathan Schanzer, senior vice president for research at FDD, a nonpartisan research institute on national security and foreign policy.
But that doesn’t mean Netanyahu is likely to disappear from the world stage anytime soon.
“It’s definitely a mistake to count Netanyahu out before the moving truck actually is departing with his stuff from the prime minister’s residence,” said Jeremy Ben-Ami, president of the American, left-leaning Israeli and Palestinian advocacy organization J Street.
Over the past two days, Netanyahu has brandished the support of prominent Republican members of Congress, welcoming to Jerusalem Sens. Lindsey Graham
Lindsey Olin GrahamGraham meets with Netanyahu in Jerusalem Sex workers gain foothold in Congress Trump, midterms fuel GOP's effort to quash Jan. 6 commission MORE (R-S.C.), Ted Cruz
Rafael (Ted) Edward CruzATF nominee tells lawmakers he supports AR-15 ban GOP senators introduce resolution condemning antisemitic violence amid 'horrific' spike in attacks O'Rourke considering Texas governor bid: report MORE (R-Texas) and Bill Hagerty (R-Tenn.).
Netanyahu on Sunday gave a speech where he called Bennet’s political coup the “fraud of the century” and painted the unity coalition as an existential threat to Israel’s security — from Tehran to Washington.
“How will we look to our enemies?” Netanyahu said in an address Sunday night. “What will they say in Iran? What will they say in Gaza? What will they do in Iran and in Gaza? What will they say in the hallways of power in Washington?”
The close ties between Netanyahu and the Republican Party paved the way for former President Trump
Donald TrumpBill that would mandate Asian-American history lessons in Illinois schools heads to governor's desk Five things to know about the new spotlight on UFOs Biden shows little desire to reverse Trump's Cuba policies MORE to push through significant U.S. policy shifts related to Israel, criticized by Democrats as a death-knell for America’s long-held position to push toward a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
This includes offering U.S. recognition and legitimization for Israeli claims to Jerusalem, the Golan Heights and West Bank settlements, in addition to Trump withdrawing from the JCPOA in 2018.
A Bennet and Lapid government could provide an opening to shift relations with Washington amid growing criticism from U.S. progressives over Israel’s policies toward the Palestinians.
A small but vocal group of Democrats have slammed the Israeli government over threats to Palestinian livelihoods in east Jerusalem neighborhoods; access to Islamic holy sites in the Old City; and the death and destruction wrought on Palestinians in the Gaza Strip after an 11-day war between Israel and Hamas.
While Bennet supports Israeli annexation of Area C of the West Bank — the more than 60 percent of territory identified as under Israeli control in the 1993 Oslo Accords and that comprises the nearly 400,000 person-settlement enterprise — he has signaled openness to more Palestinian autonomy in Areas A and B.
Area A is exclusively administered by the Palestinian Authority and Area B is administered by the Palestinian Authority but controlled by Israeli security.
The Biden administration may have an opportunity for creative cooperation as part of its own outreach to the Palestinians, restarting relations that were severed by the Trump administration.
“Can we find this Venn diagram, can we find this sweet spot between what this coalition can do and what the U.S. can do in keeping the two-state solution open?” Efron asked.
Bennet is a proponent of public sector investment in the Palestinian economy, and other members of the coalition are in favor of confidence-building measures with the Palestinians to repair the relationship, Efron added.
Those approaches could be supported by the Nita M. Lowey Middle East Partnership for Peace Act, a bill that passed in the last Congress and provides $250 million over five years for Israeli and Palestinian people-to-people projects and projects that stimulate the Palestinian economy.
Other areas for cooperation include bolstering Israeli and Palestinian security partnership, which Efron said enjoys popular Israeli support and is backed by the U.S., and could provide an avenue for greater Palestinian autonomy.
While Biden has signaled he’s in no rush to push Israelis and Palestinians into negotiations and aspirational talks of a final-status agreement, he is under pressure to do more for the Palestinians amid criticism from prominent progressive members of Congress accusing Israel of terrorism, ethnic cleansing and running an apartheid state.
Those lawmakers are calling for conditioning U.S. military assistance to Israel to ensure no funds are being used in the oppression or killings of Palestinians.
But even Netanyahu’s ousting would be unlikely to moderate the criticism of progressives, according to J Street’s Ben-Ami.
“The departure of Trump from the White House didn’t mean that the United States had overcome structural racism – the departure of Netanyahu from the prime minister’s office is not going to mean that the occupation has come to an end,” he said.
“What people are focused on is not the name on the door of the prime minister’s office, but on the conditions that millions of Palestinian’s are living in, under an occupation that is funded by American tax dollars, and that is what motivates progressive lawmakers.”
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